What You Need to Know About Mitral Valve Prolapse
Heart health is one of the most important factors that determine the quality of life. However, some heart diseases progress silently and cannot be noticed at the beginning. One of these diseases is known as mitral valve prolapse. So, what is mitral valve prolapse? How can it be recognized? Is treatment possible?
What Is the Mitral Valve?
The mitral valve is located between the left atrium and the left ventricle of the heart. This valve ensures that the blood in the heart moves in the correct directions. A healthy mitral valve opens and closes perfectly with each heartbeat. However, in some cases, the mitral valve does not work as it should.
What Is Mitral Valve Prolapse?
Mitral valve prolapse is the sagging of a part of the mitral valve toward the left atrium. This condition prevents the valve from closing properly. It is usually congenital, but in some people, it may appear with advancing age.
This condition often does not cause symptoms. However, in some patients, it may cause heart palpitations, chest pain, and shortness of breath.
What Are the Causes?
Among the causes of mitral valve prolapse, genetic factors play an important role. Individuals with similar conditions in their family history have a higher risk of prolapse. Connective tissue diseases may cause the valve structure to lose its flexibility, which can also lead to prolapse.
Another cause is congenital abnormalities in the valve structure. In addition, infections or heart muscle problems may also cause this condition.
What Are the Symptoms?
It usually progresses silently. However, in some cases, the following symptoms may be seen:
- Palpitations and irregular heartbeat
- Chest pain (usually sharp and short-lasting)
- Shortness of breath, especially during exertion
- Dizziness or a feeling of faintness
- Fatigue and weakness
These symptoms can be confused with other heart diseases. Therefore, a doctor’s examination is necessary for an accurate and definite diagnosis. In this way, the necessary precautions can be taken.
How Is It Diagnosed?
Mitral valve prolapse is usually noticed during a doctor’s examination. During listening, a click or murmur sound can be heard in the heart.
To confirm the diagnosis, the following methods are used:
- Echocardiography (ECHO): Used to visualize the movements of the valve.
- Electrocardiography (ECG): Detects abnormalities in heart rhythm.
- Holter Monitor: Monitors the rhythm of the heart for 24 hours.
These tests help to understand the degree and effect of the prolapse.
How Is Mitral Valve Prolapse Treated?
Treatment depends on the severity of the prolapse and the symptoms. In mild cases, treatment is not required, but regular check-ups are necessary.
In moderate and severe cases, the following treatment methods can be applied:
- Medication: Used to regulate heart rhythm and relieve symptoms.
- Lifestyle Changes: Exercise, healthy nutrition, and stress reduction are important.
- Surgical Intervention: Valve repair or replacement may be required. This method is generally preferred in advanced prolapse cases.
Can Mitral Valve Prolapse Be Prevented?
It is not completely possible to prevent mitral valve prolapse. However, taking certain precautions can slow the progression of the disease:
- Have regular cardiology check-ups.
- Adopt a healthy lifestyle.
- Be careful against heart infections.
- Avoid smoking and alcohol consumption.
These steps are also highly effective in protecting your overall heart health.
Living with Mitral Valve Prolapse
People with mitral valve prolapse can generally maintain a normal life. With regular check-ups, proper treatment, and healthy habits, symptoms can be kept under control.
Remember, early diagnosis and proper treatment save lives. Don’t neglect your heart health!